Set against the backdrop of ongoing geo-political conflict of the twentieth century, the history of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) illustrates the complexity of forging international collaboration to tackle environmental resource issues and pursue scientific knowledg[...]
By the middle of the nineteenth century, as scientists explored the frontiers of polar regions and the atmosphere, the ocean remained silent and inaccessible. The history of how this changed - of how the depths became a scientific passion and a cultural obsession, an engineering challenge and a poli[...]